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en Past tense 3   »   ur ‫ماضی 3‬

83 [eighty-three]

Past tense 3

Past tense 3

‫83 [تیراسی]‬

terasi

‫ماضی 3‬

maazi

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to make a call ‫فو- ک-نا‬ ‫ف__ ک____ ‫-و- ک-ن-‬ ---------- ‫فون کرنا‬ 0
p-o-e-k---a p____ k____ p-o-e k-r-a ----------- phone karna
I made a call. ‫-ی- -ے--ی---------ل-------‬ ‫م__ ن_ ٹ______ ک_ ل__ ہ_ -‬ ‫-ی- ن- ٹ-ل-ف-ن ک- ل-ا ہ- -- ---------------------------- ‫میں نے ٹیلیفون کر لیا ہے -‬ 0
me-n ---tele--one--a---i-a---- - m___ n_ t________ k__ l___ h__ - m-i- n- t-l-p-o-e k-r l-y- h-i - -------------------------------- mein ne telephone kar liya hai -
I was talking on the phone all the time. ‫--ں--و---و-ت ٹ-لیف-ن کرت- ر-- -‬ ‫م__ پ___ و__ ٹ______ ک___ ر__ -‬ ‫-ی- پ-ر- و-ت ٹ-ل-ف-ن ک-ت- ر-ا -- --------------------------------- ‫میں پورے وقت ٹیلیفون کرتا رہا -‬ 0
m-in po-oray --q- --l-pho-----r-a-r-h--- m___ p______ w___ t________ k____ r___ - m-i- p-o-r-y w-q- t-l-p-o-e k-r-a r-h- - ---------------------------------------- mein poooray waqt telephone karta raha -
to ask ‫-و-ھن-‬ ‫پ______ ‫-و-ھ-ا- -------- ‫پوچھنا‬ 0
poo-hna p______ p-o-h-a ------- poochna
I asked. ‫--- ن--پوچھ -ی- -ے-‬ ‫م__ ن_ پ___ ل__ ہ___ ‫-ی- ن- پ-چ- ل-ا ہ--- --------------------- ‫میں نے پوچھ لیا ہے-‬ 0
mein n- po-ch-l-ya---- - m___ n_ p____ l___ h__ - m-i- n- p-o-h l-y- h-i - ------------------------ mein ne pooch liya hai -
I always asked. ‫میں ن--ہ-ی-ہ-پ------‬ ‫م__ ن_ ہ____ پ____ -‬ ‫-ی- ن- ہ-ی-ہ پ-چ-ا -- ---------------------- ‫میں نے ہمیشہ پوچھا -‬ 0
m-i--n- -amesha po-ch--- m___ n_ h______ p_____ - m-i- n- h-m-s-a p-o-h- - ------------------------ mein ne hamesha poocha -
to narrate ‫---ا-------ا ب--نا‬ ‫ک___ / س____ ب_____ ‫-ہ-ا / س-ا-ا ب-ا-ا- -------------------- ‫کہنا / سنانا بتانا‬ 0
k-h--,----ana k_____ s_____ k-h-a- s-n-n- ------------- kehna, sunana
I narrated. ‫-یں-ن- بت----/-سن--ا-ہ--‬ ‫م__ ن_ ب____ / س____ ہ___ ‫-ی- ن- ب-ا-ا / س-ا-ا ہ--- -------------------------- ‫میں نے بتانا / سنایا ہے-‬ 0
m-i- ---s--a---ha- - m___ n_ s_____ h__ - m-i- n- s-n-y- h-i - -------------------- mein ne sunaya hai -
I narrated the whole story. ‫می---ے پ-ر--ک-ا-- -ن----ہ- -‬ ‫م__ ن_ پ___ ک____ س____ ہ_ -‬ ‫-ی- ن- پ-ر- ک-ا-ی س-ا-ی ہ- -- ------------------------------ ‫میں نے پوری کہانی سنائی ہے -‬ 0
me---n---o----k-h-ni-s-na- --i-- m___ n_ p____ k_____ s____ h__ - m-i- n- p-o-i k-h-n- s-n-i h-i - -------------------------------- mein ne poori kahani sunai hai -
to study ‫--ک--ا‬ ‫س______ ‫-ی-ھ-ا- -------- ‫سیکھنا‬ 0
s-e---a s______ s-e-h-a ------- seekhna
I studied. ‫م-ں ن---یک- لیا ہے -‬ ‫م__ ن_ س___ ل__ ہ_ -‬ ‫-ی- ن- س-ک- ل-ا ہ- -- ---------------------- ‫میں نے سیکھ لیا ہے -‬ 0
m--------ee-h-liya-h---- m___ n_ s____ l___ h__ - m-i- n- s-e-h l-y- h-i - ------------------------ mein ne seekh liya hai -
I studied the whole evening. ‫م-- -ور- -ا- -ی-ھ-ا --ا--‬ ‫م__ پ___ ش__ س_____ ر__ -‬ ‫-ی- پ-ر- ش-م س-ک-ت- ر-ا -- --------------------------- ‫میں پوری شام سیکھتا رہا -‬ 0
m-in--oor- sh-am----kh----ah--- m___ p____ s____ s______ r___ - m-i- p-o-i s-a-m s-e-h-a r-h- - ------------------------------- mein poori shaam seekhta raha -
to work ‫------ن-‬ ‫ک__ ک____ ‫-ا- ک-ن-‬ ---------- ‫کام کرنا‬ 0
k-am-kar-a k___ k____ k-a- k-r-a ---------- kaam karna
I worked. ‫میں نے---م-ک---یا-ہے--‬ ‫م__ ن_ ک__ ک_ ل__ ہ_ -‬ ‫-ی- ن- ک-م ک- ل-ا ہ- -- ------------------------ ‫میں نے کام کر لیا ہے -‬ 0
mein-----a-m--ar-li-- --i-- m___ n_ k___ k__ l___ h__ - m-i- n- k-a- k-r l-y- h-i - --------------------------- mein ne kaam kar liya hai -
I worked all day long. ‫-ی--پ-ر- -- -ام ---ا--ہ---‬ ‫م__ پ___ د_ ک__ ک___ ر__ -‬ ‫-ی- پ-ر- د- ک-م ک-ت- ر-ا -- ---------------------------- ‫میں پورا دن کام کرتا رہا -‬ 0
m----p-ora---- ka-- ----a---h--- m___ p____ d__ k___ k____ r___ - m-i- p-o-a d-n k-a- k-r-a r-h- - -------------------------------- mein poora din kaam karta raha -
to eat ‫کھانا‬ ‫ک_____ ‫-ھ-ن-‬ ------- ‫کھانا‬ 0
khana k____ k-a-a ----- khana
I ate. ‫----نے---ا-لیا -ے-‬ ‫م__ ن_ ک__ ل__ ہ___ ‫-ی- ن- ک-ا ل-ا ہ--- -------------------- ‫میں نے کھا لیا ہے-‬ 0
m--n n----a --ya h-i - m___ n_ k__ l___ h__ - m-i- n- k-a l-y- h-i - ---------------------- mein ne kha liya hai -
I ate all the food. ‫--ں--- سا-ا----ن---ھ---------‬ ‫م__ ن_ س___ ک____ ک__ ل__ ہ___ ‫-ی- ن- س-ر- ک-ا-ا ک-ا ل-ا ہ--- ------------------------------- ‫میں نے سارا کھانا کھا لیا ہے-‬ 0
mein n- sa-a -h-n--kha----a--a- - m___ n_ s___ k____ k__ l___ h__ - m-i- n- s-r- k-a-a k-a l-y- h-i - --------------------------------- mein ne sara khana kha liya hai -

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The history of linguistics

Languages have always fascinated mankind. The history of linguistics is therefore very long. Linguistics is the systematic study of language. Even thousands of years ago people contemplated language. In doing so, different cultures developed different systems. As a result, different descriptions of languages emerged. Today's linguistics are based on ancient theories more than anything else. Many traditions were established in Greece in particular. The oldest known work about language comes from India, however. It was written 3,000 years ago by the grammarian Sakatayana. In ancient times, philosophers like Plato busied themselves with languages. Later, Roman authors developed their theories further. Arabians, too, developed their own traditions in the 8th century. Even then, their works show precise descriptions of the Arabian language. In modern times, man particularly wanted to research where language comes from. Scholars were especially interested in the history of language. In the 18th century, people started to compare languages with each other. They wanted to understand how languages develop. Later they concentrated on languages as a system. The question of how languages function was the focal point. Today, a great number of schools of thought exist within linguistics. Many new disciplines have developed since the fifties. These were in part strongly influenced by other sciences. Examples are psycholinguistics or intercultural communication. The newer linguistic schools of thought are very specialized. One example of this is feminist linguistics. So the history of linguistics continues… As long as there are languages, man will contemplate them!